There are two arts chosen for comparison in this essay: they are Futurism and Cubism. The reason for comparison is that Futurism concentrates on movement and action, that symbolize modern world, and Cubism artists were tending to depict things concentrating on the form and shape of the objects.
The movement of cubists lasted about 18 years, with its most expressive representatives being Pablo Picasso, Georges Braque, and Juan Gris. In the words of Pablo Picasso, cubism was “a manifestation of a vague desire on the part of those of us who participated in it to get back to some kind of order ... We were trying to move in a direction opposite to Impressionism. That was the reason we abandoned colour, emotion, sensation, and everything that had been introduced by the Impressionists, to search again for an architectonic basis in the composition, trying to make an order of it...” [Hopwood, G., ‘Handbook of Art’, North Clayton; The Specialty Press, 1979]
The technique of Cubism uses collages of geometrical figures, and cubists were tending to show by their works the integral structure of the object, to depict the reality using solid forms and shapes. There were two most developed styles of Cubism: the earlier of them being Analytical Cubism and the later was called analytic Cubism.
Most often Cubism is separated into two periods which are known as the Analytical and Synthetic directions of Cubism. The Analytical side of Cubism paintings is represented by still life drawings, for example fruits, furniture, musical instruments. The main feature of Analytical Cubism is to “let the painting speak for itself as an independent entity rather than an abstraction from the artist” (Arnason, H. H., ‘A History of Modern Art -3rd Edition’, New York; Harry N. Abrams, 1986).
Another direction, Synthetic Cubism, appeared in 1912. In this side of Cubism artists used simple and paper collages. This combination let them to express new ideas by changing in his way color and texture of the objects. The technique of Synthetic Cubism used placing different everyday objects as the backgrounds for their creations.
Futurism originated from Italian artists and was even more represented by the political activity of its representatives than by their drawings. Futurists were supporting the new coming changes in the world, they showed in their paintings subjects and things symbolizing modern technology, they imposed movement and dynamics both in their creations and by their manifests. There were four manifests of the Futurists, contrary to common technology fobias in the society they showed support of the technology, machines and the ideas of new world.
Futurism was actually stronger than a philosophy than a movement. Cubism gave the modern world solidness and clearness, futurism showed the way to future. The philosophy of Cubism was to analyze the shapes of the objects, while Futurism representatives expressed, analyzed and used in their drawings dynamical changes picturing today’s world. Both movements had a lot of influence upon modern art technique and philosophy.
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