ORGANIC CHEMISTS work with organic carbon compounds such as petroleum, dyes and rubber to determine their properties, structure and other characteristics for improving production processes or to improve on technical expertise.

INORGANIC CHEMISTS work in the areas of metals, acids, salts and gases. Their work involves distillation, evaporation, filtration, salt analysis etc.

PHYSICAL CHEMISTS work with metals, ores, gases and different chemical elements and compounds to ascertain their physical and chemical properties, radioactivity, structures, atomic and molecular weights etc.

ANALYTICAL CHEMISTS are engaged in conducting chemical analysis of organic and inorganic samples to ascertain their composition, reaction and properties.

INDUSTRIAL CHEMISTS are primarily engaged in testing samples from production lines, of heavy chemical, hydrogenation oils, fertilizers and cosmetics etc. to ensure the right composition of the final product.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERS design chemical manufacturing processes and equipment.

PHYSICISTS in industry primarily conduct research for finding improved methods and technologies. They also work in television, telephone and radio sectors in the communication industry.

GEOPHYSICISTS are used to study meteorology, hydrology, oceanography, seismology, radioactivity, magnetism etc. It is a science which combines geology and physics.

BIOPHYSICISTS study living organisms and life processes.

MEDICAL PHYSICISTS play a vital role in the designing and use of electronic equipments.

ASTROPHYSICISTS study the behavior of astronomical phenomena and related physio-chemical interactions. They also study cosmology plasma, kinetics, stellar physics, convolution and non-equilibrium, radiation transfer theory, non-Euclidian geometry, mathematical modeling, galactic structure theory and relativistic astronomy.

ASTRONOMY is the oldest science known to a man. It is basically observing motions of heavenly bodies in the sky and their patterns.

THEORETICAL MATHEMATICIANS deal with abstract and pure mathematical concepts and are not concerned with practical mathematical solutions. They work on pure mathematical operations for investigating mathematical principles and rationale.

APPLIED MATHEMATICIANS use mathematical knowledge for finding practical solutions. They apply the knowledge of mathematics to the study of social sciences, physical sciences, life sciences and earth sciences.

GEOLOGISTS work or supervise exploration work at a variety of sites, deserts. Land forms, ocean floors, riverbeds, mountains etc. Their specialization is in the following areas.

MARINE GEOLOGISTS also known as Geological oceanographers study the ocean floor through remote sensing devices aboard ships or sometimes from underwater research vessels. Physical oceanographers study the physical aspects of ocean such as currents and their contact by the atmosphere.

PETROLEUM GEOLOGISTS conduct exploratory tests for locating natural gas and oil deposits both onshore and offshore. They also give advice on the commercial viability of exploration project.

MINERALOGISTS have similar work, based heavily on geochemistry. Geological survey, essential for natural development, planning and economics, constantly upgrades the geological information required for these purposes.

GEOHYDROLOGISTS locate, assess and analyse the source of water, identify threats to water pollution, provide advise for the siting and construction of reservoirs.

HYDROLOGISTS are responsible for identifying, measuring and analyzing sources of water. They study the distribution, circulation and physical properties of underground and surface waters.

PALEONTOLOGISTS study fossils found in geological formations to trace the evolution of plant and animal life and estimate their age. Fossils tell us about the ecology of the past and incorporates multi-disciplinary studies.

SEISMOLOGISTS interpret data from seismographs and other instruments which measure small movements of the earth to locate earthquakes and earthquake faults.

STRATIGRAPHERS study the distribution and arrangement of sedimentary rock layers by examining their fossil and mineral content. This is required for understanding evolutionary changes in fossils and plants and thereby the successive changes in the distribution of land and sea.

ENGINEERING GEOLOGY involves carrying out investigation before the foundations and earthworks for large civil engineering projects such as dams, tunnels, roads.

ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY deals with questions such as disposal of waste of all types, ranging from domestic waste to nuclear waste.

GEOCHRONOLOGISTS are geoscientists who use radioactive dating and other techniques to estimate the age of rock and other samples from an exploration site.

GEOMORPHOLOGISTS study the form of earth surface and the processes, such as erosion and glaciations that brings about changes.

SURVEYORS collect geological information on land and sea. This information is used for preparing maps and databases.

PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHERS study the influence of climate, land forms, vegetation and the oceans on human lifestyles.

HUMAN GEOGRAPHERS study the interaction of people with environment, the historical economic aspects as well as cartography and urban and regional planning.

MEDICAL GEOGRAPHERS study the health patterns, the impact of vegetation, minerals, water supply, climate and the environment on life in the region.

CARTOGRAPHERS collect the physical data required for the preparation of maps.

URBAN GEOGRAPHERS cover urban development and deals with issues related to development. They work on urban projects particularly assisting in the planning of residential location, shopping areas, traffic related projects as well as industries.

REGIONAL GEOGRAPHERS do in depth observations and recording of physical, cultural, economic and political data to enable an analysis of current regional situations.

ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHERS record economic and industrial activities of a region such as location of manufacturing industries, mining locations, farming activities, communication services, trade and marketing etc, for the use of planners, businesses, transport developers etc.

POLITICAL GEOGRAPHERS are concerned with national and international frontiers and also the impact of natural resources and physical features to matters concerning local and regional affairs.

RESEARCH METEOROLOGIST study the weather patterns over specific regions. They collect, analyse and interpret data relating to winds, humidity, precipitation, temperatures etc.

APPLIED METEOROLOGISTS study air currents, the composition of the atmosphere and its various properties, the effects of atmospheric pollution and apply the finding for providing advice on pollution control, sites for building power stations, oil rigs and even bridges

INDUSTRIAL METEOROLOGISTS work in industries to study and solve problems related to pollution and emissions.

AVIATION METEOROLOGISTS study all aspects of meteorologist for the operation of flights by aircraft both for civilian and military purposes under various field conditions.

BIOLOGICAL OCEANOGRAPHERS study life under the sea, how the life develops, interacts and adapts to its environment. Their work is research based and finds application in fishery sciences and biotechnological pursuits.

CHEMICAL OCEANOGRAPHERS study the chemical system in the sea, the concentration of chemicals in the water, their distribution and transfer to the sea floor and finally their effect.

PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHERS concern themselves with physical phenomena such as waves, tides, current, temperature and salinity.

GEOLOGICAL OCEANOGRAPHERS are involved in the geological study of the ocean floor and the sedimentation. They are concerned with the movements of the earth’s crust, coastal margins, effects of offshore dredging on beaches, location of mineral resources and eventually the ideal site for marine structure such as offshore drilling plants.

MARINE GEOLOGISTS explore the ocean floor in search of petroleum and mineral deposits. They study all about living creatures in the sea.